Listening Project
I must say I'm finding the Birtwistle a difficult listen. I've heard the piece four times now and I'm finally starting to find my way in. I love the colourful, effervescent instrumentation, and in between the violence there are some real parts of beauty. All in all though, I feel it sounds very much like a thing of its time, with all the sturm und drang of the sixties generation. It's colourful, and deftly composed, but I'm not quite sure yet if it has stood the test of time...
I'll give it a few more spins, the jury is still out for a final verdict.
aquila non captat muscas
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Thanks, Parla, for the comments on the etymology. I think I pointed out earlier that Birtwistle's use of the word, and its connexions should not be taken in too scholarly way. Harry was (is) a good Lancashire boy and didn't have a particularly high opinion of what he considered to be 'dry' scholarship!
In this context, DST, you were at the first run of Gawain: did you also attend the study day at Covent Garden. I well remember that before the music was discussed there was a lecture about the history of the 'Green Man' myth, given by a university professor. HB's response was, well, by no means respectful!
The performance of Verses I attended must have been a different one. I think it was a few years later, and definitely not at St. John's. I remember it was shown on BBC television at around the same time (those were the days!).
Brumas, I hope you will come to enjoy the work more. You wrote "All in all though, I feel it sounds very much like a thing of its time". Probably you're right: I suppose the difference between us that it was also 'my' time! His music still seems to be played quite a bit though!
It seems to me anyway that one doesn't need all this background to appreciate the cyclical form of this music, which is as obvious (to me at least) as, say, in a Bartok string quartet.
Chris
Chris A.Gnostic
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Couldn't upload HB's full note, and I have no idea whether it's out there somewhere.
Chris, I was at part of some such thing - Birtwistle and Harsent were talking to Patrick Carnegy. I may have missed the talk you mention though. HB does do a rather good job with the prickly public persona. This really is nostalgia - it was before I moved over here, and I got to the first run of the Mask of Orpheus and (this has really stuck in the memory) the premiere of Earth Dances. I am virtually certain it was in one of those wonderful triple-decker BBCSO concerts - don't know if they still happen - with the Zimmermann Dialoge and Stravinsky's Threni.
Of its time? I honestly don't feel it to be more so than anything else, and as Chris says Birtwistle is always sharply distinctive, even in a piece which now feels "early." I really need to think and listen some more. By the way, Gawain, as you likely know anyway, is coming up at Salzburg this summer, with Metzmacher conducting, and Sir John Tomlinson still singing the Green Knight!
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I saw Birtwistle's Gawain on TV years ago, around the time of its premiere. It struck me as a hopelessly heavy-handed treatment of Sir Gawain & the Green Knight, which is for me essentially a comedy. Or at least a serious piece requiring a light touch - much the same thing I suppose. Earth Dances is good but outstays its welcome.
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Guillaume - I take the point, but would dispute whether the opera stands or falls on its fidelity to the medieval poem, which as you say has a lot of sophisticated comedy. Looked at in that regard it might seem heavy-handed, though I think there is still comedy: Lady de Hautdesert's weird little Birtwistle waltz, even those ferocious onomatopoeic clip-clops at the Green Knight's first entrance (the Fool, who has no equivalent in the poem, is more sinister than comic). But the in key ways it's really a different work, just as Otello is not by a long way Othello and doesn't intend to be. Harsent's libretto is pretty clear about its departures from the poem (it could be seen as a rather "medieval" exercise in revision and revamping), not least with the altered emphasis on the figure of Morgan le Fay, who is a major physical and (crucially) vocal presence from the outset in Birtwistle's opera.
My sense FWIW is that B is drawn by the pattern of repetition-with-variation in the poem's narrative - beheadings, seduction bids, hunts - because it works well with his own compositional practices, i.e. the patterns and symmetries that as Chris points out are apparent even in Tragoedia. Which was why I mention the Act I masque as a kind of "acid test" - in the terms of conventional operatic narrative it would be opera on the blink, but for me it was a high point, before the cuts. I have missed some other Birtwistle work in recent years, but The Minotaur seems interested in more linear narrative.
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Did any of it reach Gawain's Journey? It's been a long time since I played it.
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DST, if I can so abbreviate your name, thanks for your considered reply to my comments on Gawain. You remind me that the much expanded role of Morgan le Fay was one of the things I most objected to in Birtwistle's opera. You're right that there's no reason why an operatic version of a literary text should stick slavishly to the original; however I feel that it should at least be in the same spirit.
I need to revisit Birtwistle's Gawain somehow, as also his other music. He interested me greatly in the 1980s but since then I've sort of lost touch with him. So I'm grateful to this thread for reviving my interest.
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Time for my final verdict on the Birtwistle. I'm affraid my view has not changed very much after hearing the work again. I appreciate B's craftmanship, but I fail to connect with the work on any deeper level. It was interesting rather than engaging, so to speak. This kind of harsh, brash composition sounds rather dated to my ears. As I said before, to me it really sounds like a thing of its time, of the atmosphere of revolt and revolution that swept over Europe and the US in the 1960's. Like you said Chris, I suppose it's different if you actually lived the 60's!
This week's listening is Jordi Saval's rendition of the Catalan version of El Cant de la Sibil·la, as performed by Hesperion XX, La Capella Reial de Catalunya, Jordi Savall and the angelic Montserrat Figueras. To me, this is music of unsurpassed beauty, stillness and quietude.
aquila non captat muscas
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I finally got around to listening again to Schubert's 10th last night. The Andante (adagio in the Bartholemew version) must rank with the composer's finest slow movements (along with those from the last quartet, the quintet and the Great C major) and the rest naturally pales a little beside it. I like the first movement but there is not enough drama in the development. Schubert would have most certainly developed matters further here. The finale, I recall, received little love but I enjoyed it. I think, however, that it would have worked better in a binary form similar the the finale of Sibelius's third where, instead of the regular recapitulation, we get a broadening and a peroration more worthy of a symphonic ending. I thought Newbould was heading in such a direction when the fugato began but he seemed to have lost courage. Still, it remains a valuable addition to the Schubert discography.
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The final verdict on Birtwistle might be the following after all these deliberations and exchanges:
- It has nothing or very little to do with the ancient Greek Tragedy.
- Fortunately, it is neither even close to the etymology of the word (the ode of the goat=tragos' ode).
- Unfortunately, it does not "bridge any gap between absolute and theatre music". (At least, in an obvious and effective way).
- Finally, it is not that sort of modern classic, since it is rather doubtful whether many (audiences or performers) out there still care about its existence.
However, in its own merits (and for those who care about them), it can always be a "masterpiece of the past century". Not bad, after all!
Parla
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If Schubert's "10th" was a "valuable addition" to the composer's discography, more recordings would follow plus enough live performances. However, this does not seem to be the case, nor this Symphony seems to be pure Schubert (as Chris wisely suggested only the composer himself could tell whether these "reworkings" are worthy of his work).
I concur with Chris that this "(re)construction" is just a bonus to Schubert's discography, beyond any comparison to any other original score of the composer.
Parla
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The problem of auteur-ship is an interesting one. We know that the requiem that is nominally Mozart's is in fact written by Mozart and Sussmayr. Pace Barthes, I believe the author is not dead. Experiencing a work of art means you want to ascribe what you see or hear to an author; you perceive the work as the result of an author's intentions. This leads to the interesting question that in some cases (the Mozart requiem, films) the fact that the author is in fact a hybrid of several voices does not stop us from appreciating a work, yet in others it seems to be at least a point of discussion (Mahler 10, Schubert 10)....
aquila non captat muscas
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OK, I suppose that as the substitute originator of this selection, I should sum up the posts on Tragoedia, before we move back nearly a millenium to the Song of the Sybil.
After the extraordinary deafening silence that greeted the Schumann Humoreske, I suspected that this thread was running out of steam, but not a bit of it!
I was not expecting many comments, but in the event several of us found Tragoedia to be a worthwhile listen. DST and I seem to be the 'oldies' of the group, and indeed, like him, I remember the excitement of first hearing many of Birtwistle's works in the first or early performances. They are certainly key works of their time, and only time will tell whether they endure. So I very much concur with DST and Bazza (no idea about 'your time' Bazza!), and indeed with Parla's "a masterpiece of the last century' It does seem that it's not just oldies who enjoyed it!
Masterpiece or not (and Brumas obviously thinks not) it was certainly a key work in HB's development. Asked to nominate his greatest, along with Earth Dances, I would rate Gawain as one of his finest works, so far. DST, I had not heard that it is to be performed at this year's Salzburg Festival. That's very good news (incidentally it is being given in his 'third' version from 1999 - no idea what that means).
Mark, I started to wonder, with all that versification, whether you had thought that the work we were supposed to be considering was Verses for Ensembles, another superb piece, IMO.
So etymology aside, it seems like 'a hit'!
Chris
Chris A.Gnostic
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Bazza, Brumas, Guillaume, Chris: thanks for the thoughtful comments on Birtwistle, which in the middle of a midwestern snowstorm had the best possible effect for a thread like this - it sent me back to listen to some Birtwistle CDs and indeed LPs (I note some distinct overlap with Chris!).
Guillaume: I wouldn't claim that Gawain is an all-out comedy, just that there is more comedy than there looks to be at first. As I said, the Green Knight's big entrance on horseback - lots of woodblocks/temple-blocks - has for me a sort of grim comic heft, and the closest the opera comes to the original poem's particular lightness of touch did turn out to be, as I'd recalled, the episode at track 12 on CD2 - the welcome at Bertilak's castle, where Lady de Hautdesert sings about Gawain's renown as courtly lover in a section actually labelled (by the composer?) "Dance Aria." It is, I think, the melodic line linked to Morgan's "Now with a single step your journey starts," worked as a kind of waltz which recalls for me the Schoenberg of the op.31 Variations and the Serenade. (Bazza, the deafening horse turns up at track 4 of Gawain's Journey, but I'm afraid the "Dance Aria" isn't in there.) But for better or worse, I'd agree with you that Birtwistle and Harsent aren't after the spirit of the c14 poem. The libretto can sometimes be a bit clumping about this; there are some great things in it, but if you come from the poem a line like the Lady's "Ye are welcum to my cors" (actually more flexible socially than a direct come-on) becomes "My body is yours. / Does it please you? / Do what you like with it." Ouch.
Brumas: I get your point too; my only cavil is that music generally tends to be datable, and as you and Chris both say, to call a piece "dated" implies a view from a rather specific place, and yes, I'm clearly an "oldie"! (Just turned 51 - this is painful ...) What has struck me, delving back into my shelves, is that while Tragoedia is a fine piece it's also quite early Birtwistle, and the music from Verses onward doesn't seem quite so aggressively "of its time." For a piece that is also, in Chris's words, "real chamber music", possessed of real beauty, those who doesn't know it might want to try Silbury Air from 1977, which was recorded by the London Sinfonietta under Elgar Howarth and is now on NMC. An extraordinarily hypnotic, haunting and intelligent work, I think.
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Chris (and any other interested one), the word "Τραγωδία" does not mean (literally) the "goat-dance". The etymology of the word comes from the two words "τράγος" (which is the word for the male goat) and the word "ωδή" (which means literally the ode). So, it is the ode (an ancient form of what we may call now as song) of or for the goat. Based on different and not that substantiated versions, this "ode" was sung by a Chorus (often dressed as goats) and refer to the sacrifice of a goat for redemption. However, this etymology has nothing to do with the actual use of the ancient theatrical play, based on the well-accepted definition of Aristotle, which brings to the centre of the notion the significance of catharsis (the bridge to the transition from ignorance to knowledge).
Besides, I cannot get what Mr. Birtwistle means with the "ritual and formal aspects of Greek Tragedy" (which are they?) and in which way these "aspects" are irrelevant to "the content of any single play".
I presume that Mr. Plaistow felt the frustration of going further in a futile effort to comprehend the composer's intentions and, much more, to explain the work, based on the title and its contents, so he ended up to the wise instruction to the readers of his review: "one must avoid paying more attention to a composer's programme-notes than to his music". I could not agree more with him as for this work and the composer concerned, but I doubt this could apply to quite a few other composers, wiser in choosing the titles of their works and clear enough in explaining their intentions and ambitions (e.g. Wagner).
Parla